Dealing With Religious Terms: One Faith

An editor in the EAE Backroom once asked a question on styling a religious term: “Who would capitalize ‘holy family’ in Chicago style?”

The ensuing conversation revealed some issues concerning religious terminology:

• Our main stylebooks, such as Chicago and AP, offer guidance that is sometimes vague or meant for publications that target general audiences.
• A general audience can include people of many religions, as well as those of no religion. At least in US English, there can be a bias toward Christianity that leaves many feeling confused or excluded.
• The approach to a text meant for a particular religion should be different from an approach to a text meant for a wider audience.

How can copyeditors resolve these issues? Start by determining whether the audience is of one religion or a mix (or no religion). This week we’ll look at a target audience of one faith.

When Your Audience Is of One Faith

When the text is aimed at people of a specific religion, you’ll want to respect the traditions and beliefs associated with that religion. While the assigned dictionary and a mainstream style guide can help, you’ll want to look at resources focused on that religion.

Consider, too, whether you’re dealing with a specific sect, or denomination, of that religion. For example, while Christianity is thought of as a whole (and once was), there are many belief systems within it. Catholicism is distinct from Calvinism and Lutheranism. And even within Catholicism, there are divisions between Roman (those we typically think of as “Catholic”) and Eastern (e.g., Greek and Armenian).

Each of these religions could treat terms differently based on what they see as holy or on traditions that have developed over the years.

Other major world religions, such as Islam and Judaism, also have different denominations within them. Islam includes Sunni Islam, Shia Islam, and Kharijites, as well as several schools of theology and jurisprudence. Judaism includes Orthodox, Conservative, Reconstructionist, and Reform denominations.

And those are just the main monotheistic religions!

Once you’ve determined your audience, seek out resources that cover terminology meaning and usage.

What follows is just a sampling.

Christianity

• The Christian Writer’s Manual of Style
• The Little Style Guide to Great Christian Writing and Publishing

Roman Catholicism

• Style Guide of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops
• CNS Stylebook on Religion

Islam

• Islam for Journalists
• The Oxford Dictionary of Islam

Judaism

• Style sheet and guidelines for contributors, Jewish Quarterly Review
• Central Conference of American Rabbis Master Style Sheet
• Women of Reform Judaism Style Sheet

Next week, we’ll look at how to handle copy for a general audience and resources to use.

A version of this article originally published on 10/19/18 on Copyediting.com.